A quick breakdown of what each stage means for $ETH (3 minute read)
Five key phases need to be completed before Ethereum will be able to process 100,000 transactions per second. The Merge will make Ethereum a deflationary asset and cut its power usage by 99%. The Surge will introduce Sharding and significantly increase the network's scalability. The Verge will introduce verkle trees and optimize storage and help reduce node size. The Purge will reduce the hard drive space needed for validators, reducing network congestion. The Splurge will involve a series of miscellaneous smaller upgrades to ensure the network runs smoothly.
So what do ZK-rollups mean? (4 minute read)
ZK-rollups can prove that a complex calculation has been successfully and accurately completed without showing the whole computation. They put a lot of information into a little proof, which then gets posted to Ethereum. ZK-rollups are faster and cheaper to transact on than layer 1 Ethereum and they are a key part of Ethereum's scaling plan. Polygon, Scroll, and Matter Labs have recently announced zkEVMs. For users, zkEVMs will mean cheaper fees, fewer security assumptions, quicker transactions, and a better user experience.